Introduction: 0:00
Ovaries: 0:50
Uterine Tube: 09:10
Uterus: 13:01
Vagina: 21:48
External Genital Organs: 25:56
Vestibule: 26:28
Labia Minora/Inner Lips: 27:25
Clitoris: 27:57
Bulb of Vestibule: 28:36
Labia Majora/Outer Lips: 29:06
Mons Pubis: 29:49
Summary: 30:06

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Internal Genital Organs
Ovary
– Inner Structures
○ Tunica Albuginea (tunica albuginea ovarii)
○ Ovarian Cortex (cortex ovarii)
○ Ovarian medulla (medulla ovarii)
○ Follicules
– External Structures
○ Mesovarian border (margo mesovaricus)
○ Free Border (margo liber)
○ Tubal Extremity (extremitas tubaria)
○ Uterine extremity (extremitas uterina)
○ Medial Surface (facies medialis)
○ Lateral Surface (facies lateralis)
– Fixation of the Ovary
○ Ligament of Ovary (ligamentum ovarii proprium)
○ Suspensory ligament of ovary (ligamentum suspensorium ovarii)
○ Mesovarium

Growth and Maturation of Follicules:
– Primordial Follicule
○ Contain primary oocyte
○ Single layer of follicular cells
– Primary Follicules (after puberty, FSH)
○ Granulosa Cells
– Secondary Follicle
○ Primary Oocyte
○ Zona Pellicida
○ Granulosa Cells
○ Follicular Fluid
○ Produce Estrogen
○ Antrum
○ Theca Folliculi
– Graafian Follicle / Tertiary Follicle
– Secondary oocyte. Ovulation
– Corpus Luteum
– Corpus Albicans

Uterine Tube (tuba uterina)
– Parts of uterine tube:
○ Infundibulum (infundibulum tubae uterinae)
§ Abdominal Ostium (ostium abdominale)
§ Fimbriae (fimbriae tubae uterina)
§ Ovarian Fimbria (fimbria ovarica)
○ Ampulla (ampulla tubae uterinae)
○ Isthmus (isthmus tubae uterinae)
○ Uterine Part (pars uterina)
§ Uterine ostium (ostium uterinum)
– Walls of Uterine tube:
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tunica Muscularis
○ Tunica Serosa
○ Mesosalpinx

Uterus
– Parts:
○ Positioned in anteflexion
○ Fundus of uterus (fundus uteri)
○ Body of Uterus (corpus uteri)
○ Intestinal (posterior) surface (facies intestinalis)
○ Vesical (anterior) surface
○ Border of uterus (margo uteri)
○ Cervix of uterus
Supravaginal part (portio supravaginalis cervicis)
Vaginal Part
○ Uterine horn
○ Uterine cavity
○ The uterine opening of the oviduct (ostium uterinum tubae uternae)
○ Cervical Canal (canalis cervicis
○ External os of uterus (ostium uteri)
§ Anterior lip of cervix (labium anterius)
§ Posterior lip of cervix (labium posterius)
§ Nullipara: small and round opening
§ Primipara/multipara: narrow fissure
– Internal Structures (histology):
○ Endometrium
§ Functional Layer (stratum functionalis)
□ Simple columnar epithelium
□ Endometrium Stroma
□ Uterine Glands
§ Basal Layer (stratum basalis)
○ Myometrium
§ Longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle
§ Middle layer (stratum vasculare)
§ Arcuate Arteries
§ Radial Arteries
§ Straight arteries and Spiral arteries
○ Perimetrium
– Fixation of the Uterus
○ Peritoneal Folds
§ Broad Ligament of Uterus (ligamentum latum uteri) formed by peritoneum
– Mesovarium
– Mesosalpinx
– Mesometrium
○ Parametrial Ligments
§ Cardinal ligament of uterus (ligamentum cardinale uteri)
§ Vesico-uterine ligament (ligamentum vesicouterinum)
§ Pubocervical ligament (ligamentum pubocervicale)
§ Uterosacral ligaments (ligamenta sacrouterina)
§ Recto-uterine ligament (ligamentum rectouterinum)
§ Round ligament of uterus (ligamentum teres uteri)
○ Supporting apparatus of uterus
§ Perineal Muscles
§ Levator Ani Muscle (musculus levator anii)

Vagina (vagina)
– Vagina Orifice (ostium vaginae)
– Vestibule (vestibulum vaginae)
– Vaginal Canal (canalis vaginalis)
– Anterior wall (paries anterior)
– Posterior wall (paries posterior)
– Vaginal Fornix (fornix vaginae)
○ Anterior part (pars anterior)
○ Posterior aprt (pars posterior)
○ Lateral parts
– Hymen
○ Clinical significance: imperforated hymen may require medical intervention
– Urethrovaginal septum (Septum Urethrovaginale)
– Rectovaginal septum (septum rectovaginale)
– Recto-uterine pouch / Pouch of douglas (excavatio rectouterina douglasi)

Vaginal Wall (histology):
– Mucosa
○ Forms transverse folds
○ Estrogen promotes storage of glycogen
– Muscularis

External Genital Organs:
– Vestibule
○ Lesser vestibular glands (glandulae vestibulares minores)
○ Greater vestibular glands / Bartolin’s glands (glandula vestibularis major bartholini). May form barthlin’s cyst
– Labia Minora (labia minora pudendi)
– Clitoris
○ Glans of clitoris (glans clitoridis)
○ Body of clitoris (corpus clitoridis)
○ Crura of clitoris (crura clitoridis)
○ Prepuce of clitoris (preputium of clitoridis)
– Bulb of vestibule (bulbus vestibuli)
– Labia Majora / outer lips (labio majora pudendi)
– Mons Pubis

Sources:
Memorix
Complete Anatomy by 3d4medical
Biorender
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Looking at the anatomy of the internal structures of the female reproductive system, I’ve split this into two parts. Let’s cover the major organs of the pelvis first, and then the ligaments in the second part. I also talk a little about the menstrual cycle and its effects on the uterus, look at the site of fertilisation, and how oocytes, spermatozoa and blastocysts move around.

Music by Ryan Cullinane
(http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Ryan_Cullinane/)
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# Prof Viscera

VC- Nahar Jelly😍

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